In recent years, intelligent textile materials such as intelligent temperature control, shape memory, intelligent color change and electronic information are developing from wearing to wearing and wider fields.
Intelligent textile materials integrate textile, electronics, medicine, computer, physics, chemistry and other technologies. They can sense and respond to environmental changes. They play an important role in improving the quality of life, improving working conditions and meeting the needs of special industries.
Intelligent temperature regulating textile materials
This kind of intelligent textile material is selected as one of the "21 innovations to change human life in the 21st century", which has ultra-high practicability and applicability. At present, the technology of intelligent temperature regulating textiles is developing towards high performance, high-tech level and large-scale industrialization. The technology research and development, clothing design and operation convenience design of intelligent textiles constantly meet the needs of human beings for intelligent products.
With the development of German industry 4.0 concept and CPS intelligent system in the United States, foreign countries have been relatively mature in product technology development and industrialization. The PCM (phase change) technology of Outlast has been widely used in the United States, Britain and other places; Mid6 technology has developed a new type of intelligent thermoregulation suit SmartSkin. Its outer layer is obturator neoprene foam material, and its interlayer is a composite of thermosensitive hydrogel and open polyurethane foam. The diameter of 15-40 mm was synthesized by triangle company μ This kind of microcapsule has the function of heat absorption and heat release. When it is finished on the surface of the fabric, the fabric has the function of temperature regulation; Scientists from Portugal's Centre for nanotechnology and intelligent materials (centri) have developed a kind of nano microcapsule made of starch and containing a small amount of waxy substance, which can be permanently attached to clothing. With the change of human body temperature, the microcapsule will be endothermic melting or exothermic solidification, so as to keep the human body temperature in a comfortable range.
Great progress has been made in the R & D and application of intelligent temperature control textile materials in China. Some domestic enterprises have developed a number of intelligent temperature control textiles through different technical means.
In China, there are some manufacturers that have begun to take shape, and a market of intelligent textile materials has been formed. For example, Qingdao XueDa Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao Yiquan Knitting Clothing Co., Ltd. and Qingdao Ronghai Clothing Co., Ltd. jointly developed intelligent temperature regulating fiber business casual clothing, and achieved mass production, which has good competitiveness at home and abroad. However, the research and development of intelligent temperature control textile materials in China started late. On the one hand, there are still many outstanding problems in product research and development, such as immature technology, difficult processing, poor durability of clothing, insufficient product performance and so on; On the other hand, the weak combination of technology R & D and industry leads to the lagging application of intelligent temperature control textile materials, which is in the stage of product exploration and development, without large-scale production.
Intelligent shape memory textile materials
Intelligent shape memory textile materials achieve the following three goals. The design of green environmental protection materials, the research and development of high memory products and the mass production of products are the main development direction of shape memory textiles.
Overseas research on shape memory textiles started earlier, with large market scope, high overall technical level, rich data sources and high degree of intelligence. At present, great progress has been made in the research of shape memory fibers in Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands and other places. For example, in the development of anti scald clothing, the British textile institutions have successfully practiced shape memory alloy intelligent textiles. The nitinol alloy fiber is processed and fixed inside the clothing. Once it contacts the high temperature shape memory fiber, it will be excited to achieve the purpose of anti scald; A subsidiary of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in Japan has developed a new polyurethane material diamlex with shape memory function. This kind of film is laminated with outer garment fabric, which not only shows high water repellency, but also can intelligently respond to the heat released by the wearer's metabolism through controlling the heat release, It is suitable for manufacturing multi-functional intelligent clothing with shape memory and can generate heat dissipation and water vapor channel when the ambient temperature is high. At present, there are commercial products of this material, such as intelligent sportswear, mountaineering clothing and so on.
Compared with foreign enterprises, although there are many researches on shape memory textile materials in China, most of them are in the experimental stage, with single materials, insufficient overall innovation, and most of them are follow-up researches. Many new varieties are still under development, and large-scale industrial production has not yet been realized. At the same time, there are some problems, such as the talent team is relatively weak, the competition is weak, the investment is less, and the development is not enough. In addition, the understanding of new technologies such as sharing technology and intelligent technology is relatively insufficient. There is still a long way to go to realize the industrialized production of shape memory textiles in China.
Intelligent color changing textile materials
It is an intelligent product with high added value and high efficiency, and has a good development prospect in the fields of textile, military, entertainment, anti-counterfeiting, etc. Intelligent color changing textile technology is developing towards high practicability, high safety and high intelligence. The structure design, function design and intelligent design of color changing fiber can meet the needs of product application.
At present, the research and development technologies of intelligent color changing materials are mainly divided into two categories. One is the direct research and development of color changing fibers, such as finishing technology, graft polymerization technology, etc., to design color changing fibers with different functions; Another is the combination of color changing dye and fiber, such as microcapsule technology. At present, China and some developed countries have achieved the above two kinds of technology research and development, but there is still a big gap in the technical level compared with developed countries. In terms of product manufacturing technology, most domestic enterprises are in the primary stage.
Foreign countries have realized the marketing of intelligent products. For example, with the support of NASA technology, the sportswear named radiate, which has been put into the market, can change the reflection mode of photons according to the heat radiated by the body. The color of the corresponding parts of the clothes will be different if the heat emitted by the body is different. The biggest function of this intelligent color changing sportswear is to let users see the muscle heating in real time, adjust different sports strategies, and realize the combination of intelligent products and human movement. Kanebo company of Japan has coated the light blue or dark blue photosensitive material absorbed by 350-400nm ultraviolet light in microcapsules for printing process to make intelligent photosensitive color changing fabric. The photosensitive color changing T-shirts produced by this technology have been supplied to the market for a long time.
At present, the research technology of intelligent color changing textile materials has been relatively mature, and there are many kinds of intelligent color changing fibers. According to different application environment, intelligent color changing textile materials can play the role of protection and entertainment. However, the value of intelligent color changing textile materials in China needs to be developed, and the industrialization and market scope of products need to be developed.
Electronic information intelligent textile materials
Under the global economic environment, electronic information plays a very important role in promoting the technological innovation of the textile industry, optimizing the industrial structure and product types of the textile industry. As an integrated product of different technology fields, electronic information intelligent textiles are developing towards the direction of multi system combination, multi-function, excellent industrial structure and product type. The main technologies of electronic information intelligent textiles include three categories: first, technology research and development of perception of external environment and conditions; Second, technology research and development of feedback function; Third, response function technology research and development.
At present, under the background of Internet and big data, the integration of electronic products and clothing in foreign countries has reached a higher technical level. For example, Canada's omsignal smart clothing development company released smart clothing technology with sensors embedded in clothing, which can track heart rate, respiratory rate, respiratory volume, exercise status, heat consumption, exercise intensity, heart rate and other information; Google, together with Levis, launched intelligent clothing, which embeds conductive fibers into any type of textiles to make intelligent fabrics, adds a button sized ultra small computing system to the clothing, and integrates wearable technology into jeans, jackets, shirts and even underwear; Intel cooperates with chromat, the designer of architecture sportswear, to launch "responsive clothing". Intelligent clothing is equipped with Curie, Intel's hardware platform only the size of buttons. It uses sensors to collect human physiological signals such as heartbeat and body temperature, and deforms clothes through shape memory alloy integrated in clothes.
Omsignal four styles T-shirt
China has made great progress in the application of electronic information intelligent textile materials to monitor human physiological indicators, collect sports data, intelligent physical therapy, clothing microclimate monitoring, etc. electronic information textile materials have been part of the domestic market. For example, the intelligent physical therapy underwear developed by Dongguan Nanyao intelligent Clothing Co., Ltd. can control the underwear for intelligent health massage through app to realize the combination of textiles and human health; Bodega Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. combines traditional clothing technology with electronic technology, adopts soft, high-strength, elastic and breathable fabric, and embeds fabric electrodes in the inner layer of clothing to realize real-time monitoring of human heart rate and respiratory rate, and quickly and accurately collect physiological signals of human movement; In addition, enterprises such as Shenzhen Zhishang, aika Aijia technology, Shishi Senke intelligent Co., Ltd. and jinliles have also made progress in the R & D and application of intelligent textiles.
Intelligent electric heating ski suit
At present, the research and development of electronic information intelligent textiles in China mainly focus on conductive fiber and fabric technology with signal transmission function, and increase the research investment in the combination of human physiological indicators with sensors and systems. This kind of intelligent textile materials also need to solve the problems of inconvenience and comfort brought by electronic sensor equipment, and further optimize the product type to speed up the industrialization of products.
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